Ulaanbaatar is the capital city of Mongolia, located in the North-central area of the country, and is surrounded by the province of Töv. It is not technically a region, as Ulaanbaatar is a division of Mongolia classified as 'capital city', or 'hot'.
While there is evidence that the region around Ulaanbaatar was inhabited up to 300,000 years ago, the first settlement was established in 1639, and was known as Örgöö. Örgöö, meaning "palace-yurt", was a mobile town and monastary that change locations every few years, between 25 and 28 times, until it permanently settled in the current location of Ulaanbaatar in 1778.
The coat of arms on the Ulaanbaatar flag is Khangarid (Mongolian for a Garuda), which is the spirit of the mountain that overlooks the city called Bogd Khan Uul. Khangarid is a symbol of courage and honesty: the symbol on its head is the soyombo, Mongolia's national symbol; the key in its left hand will open the door to blessings; the lotus in its right hand represents peace; the snake in its claws represents evil, and is being trampled. The flag itself is blue to represent the sky.
Ulaanbaatar, derived from the classic Mongolian "Ulaganbagatur" which translates to "Red Hero", was named to honour Damdin Sükhbaatar in 1924. Damdin played an important part in the liberation of Khüree (now Ulaanbaatar) from China during the Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921 with the help of the USSR. Because of this, he was named the "Father of Mongolia's Revolution", or the "Red Hero".
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